Mechanical vocabulary (5)
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This article provides a comprehensive list of common mechanical terms and vocabulary used in engineering and industrial contexts. Whether you're a student, engineer, or someone interested in machinery, understanding these terms can help improve your technical knowledge and communication skills. Below is a detailed list of important mechanical terminology:
- **Bunsen Burner**: A common laboratory device used for heating, sterilization, and combustion.
- **Intrinsic Semiconductor**: A pure semiconductor material without any impurities, such as silicon or germanium.
- **Flip-Flop**: A digital circuit that has two stable states and is used to store binary data.
- **Positive and Negative**: Terms used to describe the polarity of electrical charges or components.
- **Normalizing**: A heat treatment process used to refine the grain structure of metals.
- **Forward Bias**: A condition where a diode allows current to flow through it.
- **Orthographic Projection**: A method of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions using parallel projection lines.
- **Sinusoidal Waveform**: A smooth, periodic oscillation that follows the shape of a sine curve.
- **Positive Electrode**: The terminal where electrons enter an electrical device.
- **Spur Gear**: A type of gear with straight teeth used to transmit rotational motion between parallel shafts.
- **Permanent Joint**: A connection that is not easily separable, such as welding or riveting.
- **Corrugated Board**: A material made of fluted paperboard used for packaging.
- **Cambium Layer**: A thin layer of cells in plants responsible for growth in girth.
- **Production Drawing**: A technical drawing used in manufacturing to guide the production of parts.
- **Raw Rubber**: Unvulcanized rubber used in the production of various rubber products.
- **Cast Iron**: A brittle metal alloy of iron and carbon, commonly used in engine blocks and pipes.
- **Use and Function**: Refers to the purpose and application of a component or system.
- **Aspen Poplar**: A fast-growing tree species often used in papermaking and woodworking.
- **White Glue**: A water-based adhesive commonly used in crafts and woodworking.
- **Leather Sandbag**: A bag filled with sand and covered with leather, used in training and weightlifting.
- **Leather**: A material made from animal hides, widely used in footwear, furniture, and accessories.
- **Leather Glue**: A specialized adhesive designed for bonding leather materials.
- **Leather Shoes**: Footwear made from leather, known for durability and comfort.
- **Vector**: A quantity that has both magnitude and direction, commonly used in physics and engineering.
- **Limestone**: A sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate.
- **Quartz Crystal Oscillator**: An electronic circuit that uses a quartz crystal to generate a stable frequency.
- **Asbestos**: A group of fibrous silicate minerals once widely used in construction but now restricted due to health risks.
- **Plaster of Paris**: A white powder made from gypsum, used in casting and medical applications.
- **Oscilloscope**: An electronic test instrument used to observe varying signal voltages over time.
- **Stereogram**: A technique used to create 3D images from 2D representations.
- **Alternating Current (AC)**: Electric current that periodically reverses direction.
- **AC Voltage**: The voltage associated with alternating current.
- **Cross-Linked Structure**: A molecular structure where chains are connected by covalent bonds.
- **Imitation Gold**: A surface treatment that gives a gold-like appearance to Other materials.
- **Volt**: The unit of electric potential difference.
- **Clear Lacquer**: A transparent finish applied to wood or metal for protection and aesthetics.
- **Light Drawn Mild Steel (B.D.M.S.)**: A type of steel processed to improve its strength and formability.
- **Photoresistor (LDR)**: A resistor whose resistance decreases with increasing light intensity.
- **Photoelasticity**: A phenomenon where certain materials change their optical properties under stress.
- **Planing**: A machining process used to smooth or shape the surface of a material.
- **Photoelectric Effect**: The emission of electrons from a material when light shines on it.
- **Gloss**: A measure of the reflectivity of a surface.
- **Closed Housing Joint**: A joint that is enclosed within a housing for protection.
- **Coplanar Force**: Forces that act in the same plane.
- **Copolymerization**: A chemical process where two or more different monomers combine to form a polymer.
- **Copolymer**: A polymer formed from two or more different types of monomers.
- **Covalent Bond**: A chemical bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
- **Resonance**: A phenomenon where a system oscillates at greater amplitude when the frequency of an external force matches its natural frequency.
- **Printed Circuit Board (PCB)**: A board used to mechanically support and electrically connect electronic components.
- **Allotropy**: The ability of an element to exist in different structural forms.
- **Coaxial Cable**: A type of cable that has an inner conductor surrounded by a concentric conducting shield.
- **Equivalent Temperature**: A temperature that represents the thermal effect of a given energy input.
- **Joint Force**: The total force acting at a point where multiple forces meet.
- **Flat Mouth Pliers**: A tool used for gripping and bending small objects.
- **Composition Color**: A color created by mixing different pigments.
- **Composite Material**: A material made from two or more distinct components with different physical or chemical properties.
- **Alloy**: A mixture of metals or a metal combined with other elements.
- **Alloy Tool Steel**: A type of steel used for making cutting tools and dies.
- **Dowel**: A cylindrical rod used to join two pieces of wood or other materials.
- **Tempering**: A heat treatment process used to increase the toughness of a metal.
- **Restoring Force**: A force that acts to return a system to its equilibrium position.
- **Restoring Couple**: A pair of forces that tend to bring a body back to its original position.
- **Resilience**: The ability of a material to absorb energy and return to its original shape.
- **Feedback**: A process in which a portion of the output is returned to the input to control the system.
- **Earth Wire**: A wire used to protect against electric shocks by providing a path for fault currents.
- **Multi-Point Cutting Tool**: A tool with multiple cutting edges used for machining.
- **Foam Plastic**: A lightweight plastic material with a cellular structure.
- **Pinned Joint**: A joint that allows rotation but prevents translation.
- **Multimedia**: A combination of text, audio, video, and graphics in one presentation.
- **Polycrystalline**: A material composed of many small crystals.
- **Multivibrator**: An electronic circuit that generates square or rectangular waveforms.
- **Polygon Mechanics**: The study of motion and forces in polygonal shapes.
- **Letter Punch**: A tool used to create letters or symbols on metal or other surfaces.
- **Letter Stencil**: A template used to apply lettering or patterns.
- **Safety**: Measures taken to prevent accidents and ensure well-being.
- **Safety Rule**: A guideline intended to protect people from harm.
- **Safety Factor**: A design margin that ensures a system can handle unexpected loads.
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