October is approaching, and the season of wheat planting is approaching. The farmers in the wheat area are now preparing for the wheat. Here we want to remind the majority of farmers and friends that the following problems must be paid attention to when planting wheat, laying the foundation for the bumper harvest of wheat in the coming year.

Seed dressing

Need to be clear

● The purpose of seed dressing should be clear that seed dressing is only effective for soil-borne or seed-borne diseases, underground pests and some ground pests. Seed dressing with micro-fertilizer or conditioner is a supplement to soil fertilization and cannot replace fertilization. In the case of wheat, seed dressing is ineffective or ineffective for rust, powdery mildew, scab, ground tiger, and wheat leaf bee.

● Select the seed dressing agent to have the active ingredients in the targeted seed dressing agent. Whether it is a fungicide or an insecticide, the target object is limited. It is usually only effective for certain diseases or insects, and is ineffective or effective for other pests and diseases. Not obvious. Therefore, the selection of seed dressings should be targeted, and the total etch disease is serious. It is necessary to select components such as thiamethoxam, difenoconazole and flavonoids, and root rot and smut are severely treated with difenoconazole. It is possible to prevent and control wheat bran and choose imidacloprid or thiamethoxam.

● The more ingredients in the seed dressing, the better. It is worth noting that the ingredients in the seed dressing are not as good as possible, and it is the basis to select the appropriate active ingredients in a targeted manner. There are too many types of ingredients, and the chemical reactions between them are more complicated, which has the risk of affecting emergence. Therefore, the ingredients of the seed dressing are not good enough, just enough.

Seed dressing precautions

● Select the production process and good quality seed dressing agent Suitable for seed dressing, such as wettable powder, suspoemulsion, dry seed dressing, suspension seed coating and so on. Try to choose the last two dosage forms with film-forming coating function. Different brands of the same dosage form of the product often have obvious differences in quality. When choosing, you don't have to be superstitious about high-priced, newly-listed exotic products. It is best to choose products that have a history of use and good reputation.

● The principle of scientific seed dressing in advance seed dressing is to put a layer of medicated clothes that are only permeable to water and not leaking. This layer of medicinal clothes is stable, and it is related to the action time of the agent on the seeds. Will make the agent better adhere to the seed for a longer period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to dress the seeds in advance, at least three days in advance.

● It is best to use a special machine to dress and coat to control the proportion of drugs, seeds and water, so that the agent forms a uniform and firm film on the surface of the seed, which is the basic requirement for seed dressing. Therefore, it is best to use a special seed coating machine that is highly functional. It is best to do a ratio test of medicine, seed and water before seed dressing, and find the best ratio before operating. After mixing, first dry the sun for a while and then put the seeds into a bag with better permeability and put them in a dry and ventilated place.

Land preparation

Land preparation is the basis of sowing. To achieve and improve the quality of land preparation, we must first grasp the soil moisture.

● Moisture is a necessary condition for seed germination and emergence. Wheat seeds must absorb about 45% of their own weight to germinate. Insufficient water is often a major limiting factor affecting emergence and increasing wheat yield. Therefore, when the water content of the sand is less than 14%~16%, the water content of the loam is less than 16%~18%, and the water content of the clay is less than 22%~24%, all the water should be poured; if it is larger than the cold, or other measures should be taken. To make the soil moisture in the best condition.

● The bottom fertilizer should be applied to the dry land in combination with the ploughing and turning. The fertilizer can be applied deep to the bottom of the plow, and then the soil can be turned over. The soil is heavy and the land is firstly sown and then turned into soil. In the selection of the base fertilizer should also pay attention to, the nutrient is required to balance the supply, pay attention to the application of large fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and small fertilizer (medium and trace element fertilizer).

● Grasp the work of straw returning to the field. Regardless of the kind of mechanized straw smashing method, it is generally required to smash the straw for returning the field twice, so that the straw below 10 cm is more than 95%, the height is not more than 5 cm, and the leakage is prevented. To ensure the quality of the straw crush. Ammonia rot of straw or corn stalk returning to the field requires a certain amount of nitrogen nutrients. Wheat seedlings also need certain nitrogen nutrition. In order to reduce the stalk maturity and wheat seedling growth, the base fertilizer should increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer appropriately. About 10 kg of urea per mu can be used, and it can be applied with the bottom fertilizer.

Sowing articles

Best sowing date

The optimum temperature of wheat roots is 16 °C ~ 20 °C, the lowest is 2 °C, the growth is inhibited when the temperature exceeds 30 °C, the accumulated temperature is 650 °C. Under normal circumstances, the suitable sowing date in North China is from late September to mid-October, and should not exceed October 20 at the latest.

Precision leveling

The precision leveling can reduce the starting point of the group, promote the early growth of the seedlings in the early stage of growth, reduce the ineffective division in the middle stage, and create a reasonable high-quality group; increase the grain weight and increase the grain weight in the later stage. The precision leveling is beneficial to increase the productivity of individual plants and is the main technical link of high-yield cultivation. At the same time, the technology can effectively prevent the yield reduction and quality deterioration caused by wheat lodging, and is the basis for high-quality cultivation. The seeding amount is generally 8-10 kg.