Applying wax fertilizer during the wintering period of wheat can significantly enhance crop performance. This practice helps compensate for any deficiencies in base and seedling fertilizers, strengthens tillering before winter, promotes root development, and ensures healthy roots and strong winter survival. It also helps maintain and stabilize the soil temperature around the wheat roots. As the fertilizer slowly breaks down during winter, it is gradually absorbed by the roots, accumulating essential nutrients that support robust growth in the spring.
Wax fertilizer is typically rich in organic matter and has warming properties. Common types include farmyard manure, compost, river mud, chen wall soil, and other long-lasting organic materials. The best time to apply this fertilizer is usually from mid to late December through January, and it's advisable to do so as early as possible in the season.
The application of wax fertilizer should be tailored according to the seedling condition. For weak seedlings caused by late sowing, poor soil fertility, or insufficient base fertilizer, it’s important to provide enough quick-acting nutrients. A recommended rate is about 2000 kg per mu or 20–25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate. After each rain or snowfall, applying 10 kg of urea per mu can help stimulate tillering.
In fields where wheat shows signs of phosphorus and potassium deficiency—such as yellowing lower leaves, red leaf tips, chlorosis, or necrosis of old leaf tips, along with weak stems—it’s necessary to apply 25 kg of superphosphate and 5–6 kg of potassium chloride or 100–150 kg of wood ash per mu. Wood ash not only provides nutrients but also helps absorb heat, protecting the wheat from frost damage.
For fields with good base fertility, early sowing, and favorable growing conditions, it’s best to limit the amount of wax fertilizer. Focus on using organic materials like river mud, and minimize or avoid chemical fertilizers. Techniques such as suppression can help control excessive growth and improve the wintering environment.
In cases of strong seedlings with early sowing and sufficient base fertilizer, a moderate amount of wax fertilizer can be applied, primarily using organic sources. For example, 1250 kg of animal manure per mu can be used to supply the necessary nutrients for healthy seedling growth.
By carefully managing the timing and type of fertilizer, farmers can optimize wheat growth and ensure better yields in the following season.
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