In the home, tiles can often develop a "flower face" over time. Dirt seeps in and becomes hard to remove, especially when workers mark new polished tiles with pencils during renovation. No matter how many cleaning agents are used, it's not always effective. In daily life, removing stains from tiles is a common challenge, much like an oil spot on a colorful dress—difficult to clean and unsightly. So, what’s the real "face" of your tiles? How can you protect them and ensure they last longer?
The ability of tiles to resist staining largely depends on their water absorption rate. According to experts from the National Building Sanitary Ceramic Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, for ceramic products made from the same material, process, and type, the lower the water absorption rate, the higher the firing temperature required, resulting in better physical and chemical properties and stronger stain resistance.
Tiles with a water absorption rate below 0.5% are known as vitrified tiles. Polished tiles also have a water absorption rate under 0.5%, making them a type of vitrified tile. They are created by polishing the surface of vitrified tiles. Glazed tiles, on the other hand, have a glass-like layer on their surface that prevents water and dirt from penetrating. However, polished tiles have tiny pores on their surface, which can easily absorb contaminants. To prevent this, an anti-stain agent is often applied to seal those pores, helping keep the tiles looking clean.
When it comes to stain resistance, national standards only classify glazed tiles into five grades, but there are no clear guidelines for unglazed tiles. The test involves applying standard contaminants like ink, tea, or pen marks and then using different cleaning agents such as bleach, washing powder, acetone, hydrochloric acid, or potassium hydroxide. If the stains are easy to remove, the tile has better stain resistance; otherwise, it doesn’t.
Despite their popularity, polished tiles are not invincible. Many people choose them for their smoothness, shine, and ease of maintenance. But in reality, they can still get stained, especially if pencil marks are left behind during decoration. Experts from a provincial decorative materials inspection station warn that while the quality of porcelain polished tiles may be similar, their stain resistance varies greatly. Factors like pore structure, size, and connectivity affect their performance. Recent market inspections show that many polished tiles fail to meet standards, with water absorption rates exceeding 0.5%. Even with careful care, these tiles can still stain easily. Additionally, sharp objects or cement on the surface can damage them.
To keep your tiles in good condition, here are some practical tips:
1. Kitchen grease can be tough to remove. Try covering the area with a paper towel soaked in detergent and leave it for 3–5 hours. The grease will come off easily afterward.
2. Rust near the faucet can be treated with vitamin C powder or lemon juice. If it persists, use a scraper to remove it. This method works for bathroom rust too.
3. Moisture in the bathroom leads to black mold between tiles. Use a toothbrush and toothpaste to scrub the grout regularly. If left too long, it becomes harder to clean and may even seep into the tile edges.
4. Living room tiles can crack over time, especially if heavy objects are placed on them. Use special tile latex to fill small cracks and repair broken pieces.
5. After years of use, tiles may lose their shine. Instead of replacing them, consider re-glazing, a cost-effective way to refresh the look of your floors.
By understanding the properties of your tiles and following proper cleaning techniques, you can extend their lifespan and maintain their beauty.
Hydraulic Valve
A hydraulic valve is a device used to control the flow and pressure of hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic system. It is typically made up of a valve body, which contains the necessary ports and passages for fluid flow, and a valve spool or poppet, which is responsible for regulating the flow of fluid.
Hydraulic valves can be classified into various types based on their function and design. Some common types include:
1. Directional control valves: These valves control the direction of fluid flow in a hydraulic system. They typically have multiple ports and can be used to control the movement of hydraulic cylinders or motors.
2. Pressure control valves: These valves regulate the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in a system. They can be used to maintain a specific pressure level or limit the maximum pressure.
3. Flow control valves: These valves control the rate of fluid flow in a hydraulic system. They can be used to adjust the speed of hydraulic cylinders or control the flow to different actuators.
4. Check valves: These valves allow fluid flow in one direction while preventing it from flowing back in the opposite direction. They are commonly used to maintain pressure in hydraulic systems or prevent backflow.
Hydraulic valves are essential components in hydraulic systems, as they enable precise control and efficient operation. They are commonly used in various industries, including manufacturing, construction, agriculture, and automotive.
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