[Types of files] A brief introduction to sawing

A saw is a hand tool used to cut objects. The cutting part is a thin steel belt (saw blade) or disc (saw blade) with a tooth-shaped fast opening and a thickness of about 0.2-0.4 mm, which are fixed on a specific frame. There are continuous sharp saw teeth on one or both sides of the steel belt and the periphery of the disc. There is a gap between the teeth and the tooth groove for the removal of chips (the chips are generally in the shape of particles). The saw blade or saw blade is installed on the hacksaw frame or sawing machine, and the hard object can be cut into the required specifications and shape by reciprocating motion. The material of the saw blade and saw blade is carbon structural steel or high speed steel.

The application range of the saw is very wide. In addition to sawing steel and wood, it can also cut plastic, cement board, glass, etc. with the saw blade of the corresponding material. According to the cutting object, the saw blade can be generally divided into two types: full hard type (machine or hand) and flexible type (hand). In addition to the adjacent parts of the pin hole, the entire hard saw blade is quenched and the hardness is uniform, which is suitable for cutting hard steel or hard and thick sections. The flexible saw blade is hardened and hardened only at the tooth edge of the saw blade, while the back of the saw blade is flexible and elastic. When the saw blade is in a curved state, the full-hard saw blade will break, and the rigid and flexible flexible saw blade can prevent or avoid breaking. Therefore, the flexible saw blade is suitable for cutting soft, tough, or small-section objects, such as copper or tin tube-shaped objects and hardware products.

In addition, in order to enhance the wear resistance of the saw blade, some saw blades have also added enough alloy components, which are moderately soft and hard, and have the effects of anti-wear, anti-fatigue and impact resistance during use, and can always maintain sharp sawing Performance and good flexibility. In order to prevent the saw blade from being clamped during the sawing process, the saw teeth are generally drawn at a certain angle from both sides of the saw blade, so that the slit of the saw blade is wider than the thickness of the saw blade to provide clearance for the removal of sawdust. There are two types of saw blades: cross type and wave type. The number of commonly used saw blade teeth (the number of saw teeth per 25mm length along the edge of the saw blade) is 32, 24, 18, 11, 6, etc. When sawing materials with high hardness, a saw blade with a fine tooth number is used, while a material with a soft cutting texture uses a saw blade with a small number of teeth, such as a saw blade with a saw tooth number of 4 teeth, so that the saw tooth is not easy to block, and the sawing amount Great.

Saw blades and saw blades are generally equipped with handles or saw frames and fixed before use. The most commonly used saw frame is the hand hacksaw frame shown in Figure 4. It consists of a movable or fixed frame with a handle, a square pin, and a butterfly nut. The butterfly nut is used to fasten and adjust the saw blade. The movable hacksaw frame is a retractable saw frame. It can install saw blades of three lengths of 200, 250 and 300mm. Saws for woodworking operations are usually operated with one hand, such as hand saws, cutting saws, and chicken tail saws. Their saw blades are trapezoidal, with a wooden or plastic handle on the wide end and fixed with screws. Machine saw blades are generally installed on horizontal or vertical sawing machines and are indispensable tools in metal cutting. Electric saws are mostly composed of chain saws or disc saws. They are driven by electric motors and have high efficiency, but they are also noisy and generally equipped with safety guards.

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